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		<title>Importance of Rainwater Harvesting System (RWHS)</title>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>November 2018</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://ipm.my/importance-of-rainwater-harvesting-system/">Importance of Rainwater Harvesting System (RWHS)</a> appeared first on <a href="https://ipm.my">IPM</a>.</p>
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<p>Author: Simon LOW | 21 November, 2018</p>
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<p>In recent decades, Go-Green has become a hot topic for everyone and many are more aware about it. World population is increasing which increases the demand of freshwater indirectly too. It becomes a real threat when some areas cannot access to fresh water for daily living activities. Despite of that, many are still wasting water due to their wasteful water usage habit and selfish attitude. Thus nowadays, <strong>Rainwater Harvesting System (RWHS)</strong> is playing a vital role in Go-Green as to save water while mitigating flood risk in certain area. Through RWHS, it’s a very good start for everyone to restore our nature back to its prime even in urban context filled with development at Malaysia.</p>
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<p>In Malaysia, rainwater harvesting system exists for many years but it is still not commonly applied in projects. This is due to the different projects compliance in every states for there are different jurisdiction for every state governments and local councils. Thus we can see that some projects in certain areas have RWHS while some projects do not. In fact, Malaysia as a tropical country which relatively rich in water resources with an average annual rainfall of 2400mm [1] should be more focused in RWHS as a flood control and alternative water resources.</p>
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<p>According to the statistic, Malaysia is categorised as one of the countries that has high domestic water consumption range from 209 to 228 liters per capita per day (lcd). This water consumption level has exceeded the recommended measure, which is 165 lcd by World Health Organisation (WHO) [2] which is relatively higher than Singaporeans with 142 lcd in 2017 [3]. Thus, it is important for Malaysian to aware about water saving and Go-Green.</p>
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<p>Indeed, rainwater is very useful whereby it can be used to water garden, wash cars, top up swimming pool, flush toilets, wash clothes, and etc [4]. Thus by RWHS, it can reduce the domestic water consumption and save the fresh water supply while reducing the water bills. Some rural areas with the threat of poor water supplies can be resolved or minimized with RWHS, same goes to helping farmers on agriculture. In addition, RWHS helps to mitigate flood which is one of the main issue faced by Malaysian during year end monsoon season and this also reduce nutrient loss to rivers [4]. Besides, compared to other fresh water source, it has the advantages in terms of lower carbon footprint and higher efficiency due to less pumping system is required from one point to another point [4].</p>
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<p>There are a number of countries started different approaches as initiative to encourage the installation of RWHS in the new development area. The governments are offering various benefits to properties with RWHS instalment with low interest loan, tax exemptions, rebates or allowances. Example: Japan provides subsidy and low interest loan [5]; Brazil promotes programme that targets to install one million cisterns in semi-arid areas [6]; and USA provides tax exemptions and rebate [6]. However, Malaysia is still lacking of RWHS application even though government has implemented it especially in public and government buildings. These are due to various factors e.g. comparatively high upfront cost, low water charges, poor awareness, weak authority’s compliance and execution.</p>
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<p>Nevertheless, RWHS is still very important in every development as part of contribution for Go-Green to save more water and restore our mother earth. Education to raise the awareness either in school or family needs to be conducted consistently while government plays a vital role in reducing the domestic water usage by imposing necessary regulations and tariff. In conclusion, RWHS can provide various socio-economic and environment benefits by reducing the water bill and as an alternative water source to supply non-potable water and flood mitigation.</p>
<p><strong>Simon LOW</strong><br>General Manager<br>IPM Professional Services Sdn Bhd</p>
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<p><em>References:</em></p>
<p><em>1) Che-Ani, A.; Shaari, N.; Sairi, A.; Zain, M.; Tahir, M. Rainwater harvesting as an alternative water supply in the future.</em><br><em>Eur. J. Sci. Res. 2009, 34, 132–140.</em><br><em>2) Water Efficiency. Available online: http://www.awer.org.my (accessed on 20 November 2017).</em><br><em>3) Singapore Water Story. Available online: https://www.pub.gov.sg (accessed on 23 March 2018).</em><br><em>4) Nor Hafizi Md Lani, Zulkifli Yusop, and Achmad Syafiuddin. A Review of Rainwater Harvesting in Malaysia: Prospects</em><br><em>and Challenges, 19 April 2018</em><br><em>5) Furumai, H.; Kim, J.; Imbe, M.; Okui, H. Recent application of rainwater storage and harvesting in Japan. In</em><br><em>Proceedings of the the 3rd RWHMWorkshop, Yosemite National Park, CA, USA, 10–13 March 2008.</em><br><em>6) Domènech, L.; Saurí, D. A comparative appraisal of the use of rainwater harvesting in single and multi-family</em><br><em>buildings of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (Spain): Social experience, drinking water savings and economic</em><br><em>costs. J. Clean. Prod. 2011, 19, 598–608.</em></p>
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		<p>The post <a href="https://ipm.my/importance-of-rainwater-harvesting-system/">Importance of Rainwater Harvesting System (RWHS)</a> appeared first on <a href="https://ipm.my">IPM</a>.</p>
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		<title>Kepentingan Sistem Pengumpulan Air Hujan (SPAH)</title>
		<link>https://ipm.my/kepentingan-sistem-pengumpulan-air-hujan-spah/</link>
		
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		<pubDate>Wed, 21 Nov 2018 12:45:25 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>Disember 2018</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://ipm.my/kepentingan-sistem-pengumpulan-air-hujan-spah/">Kepentingan Sistem Pengumpulan Air Hujan (SPAH)</a> appeared first on <a href="https://ipm.my">IPM</a>.</p>
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<p style="text-align: justify;">Pengarang: Simon LOW | 21 November, 2018 <br /><br />Dalam beberapa dekad kebelakangan ini, ‘<em>Go-Green</em>’ telah menjadi satu topik hangat kepada kebanyakan masyarakat dan ramai lagi yang sedar akan perkara ini. Populasi dunia kini semakin meningkat dan secara tidak langsung meningkatkan permintaan air bersih. Keadaan menjadi terancam amabila sebilangan kawasan tidak mendapat akses air bersih untuk menjalani kehidupan seharian. Walaupun begitu, masih ramai membuat pembaziran air yang disebabkan sikap pembaziran mereka dan sifat mementingkan diri sendiri. Oleh itu, Sistem Pengumpulan Air Hujan (SPAH) memainkan peranan yang penting dalam ‘<em>Go-Green</em>’ untuk penjimatan air sambil mengurangkan risiko banjir di kawasan tertentu. Melalui SPAH, ia adalah permulaan yang baik bagi semua orang untuk mengembalikan sifat semula jadi walaupun dalam konteks bandar yang penuh dengan pembangunan di Malaysia. <br /><br />Di Malaysia, sistem pengumpulan air hujan telah wujud selama bertahun-tahun namun ia masih tidak diaplikasi secara meluas dalam projek-projek yang terlibat. Ini adalah disebabkan pematuhan projek yang berlainan di setiap negeri kerana bidang kuasa yang berbeza bagi setiap kerajaan negeri dan pihak berkuasa tempan. Oleh itu, kita boleh lihat beberapa projek di sebilangan kawasan mempunyai SPAH dan sebilangannya tidak. Pada hakikatnya, Malaysia adalah negara tropical yang kaya dengan sumber air dengan purata air hujan tahunan sebanyak 2400mm [1], sepatutnya lebih focus dalam SPAH sebagai pengawalan banjir dan sumber air alternatif. <br /><br />Menurut statistik, Malaysia dikategorikan sebagai salah satu negara yang mempunyai kadar penggunaan air domestik yang tinggi sebanyak 209 sehingga 228 liter per kapita sehari (lks). Tahap penggunaan air ini telah melebihi dari ukuran yang disyorkan, iaitu 165 lks oleh ‘<em>World Health Organisation</em>’ (WHO) [2] di mana lebih tinggi daripada penduduk Singapura secara relative dengan 142 lks dalam tahun 2017 [3]. Sehubungan dengan itu, adalah sangat penting bagi penduduk Malaysia sedar akan kepentingan penjimatan air dan <em>Go-Green</em>’. <br /><br />Secara dasarnya, air hujan sangat berguna di mana ianya boleh digunakan untuk menyiram pook, membasuh kereta, menambah keperluan air kolam renang, membasuh tandas, membasuh pakaian dan lain-lain [4]. Maka, dengan SPAH, ia boleh mengurangkan penggunaan air domestik dan menjimatkan bekalan air bersih sementara dapat menjimatkan bil-bil air. Beberapa kawasan luar bandar diancam dengan bekalan air yang terhad boleh diselesaikan dengan dengan SPAH, disamping membantu pekebun dan peladang agrikultur. Tambahan lagi, SPAH membantu untuk mengurangkan masalah banjir yang merupakan salah satu isu utama yang dihadapi oleh penduduk Malaysia ketika musim tengkujuh dan ianya juga membantu untuk mengurangkan kehilangan nutrien sungai [4]. Selain itu, berbanding dengan sumber air bersih, air hujan mempunyai kelebihan dalam mengurangkan ‘footprint’ karbon dan mempunyai pengaliran air yang efisien yang disebabkan oleh pengurangan penggunaan sistem pam dari satu bahagian ke bahagian yang lain [4]. <br /><br />Terdapat sebilangan negara yang memulakan pendekatan yang berbeza sebagai inisiatif untuk mendorong penggunaan SPAH dalam pembangunan baru. Kerajaan menawarkan pelbagai kelebihan kepada hartanah yang memiliki SPAH dengan pinjaman dengan faedah rendah, pengecualian cukai, rebat atau elaun. Sebagai contoh, negara Jepun memberi subsidi dan pinjaman dengan faedah rendah [5]; negara Brazil mempromosikan program yang menyasarkan pemasangan satu juta tangki air di kawasan separa kemarau [6]; dan negara Amerika Syarikat memberi pengecualian cukai dan rebat [6]. Namun begitu, Malaysia masih kekurangan penggunaan SPAH walaupun kerajaan telah menggesa pelaksanaannya dalam bangunanbangunan kerajaan dan awam. Ini adalah disebabkan pelbagai faktor seperti contohnya kos pendahuluan yang tinggi, caj air yang rendah, kekurangan sifat kesedaran, pematuhan dan pelaksanaan pihak berkuasa yang lemah. <br /><br />Walaupun begitu, SPAH masih memainkan peranan yang penting dalam setiap pembangunan sebagai sebahagian sumbangan kepada ‘<em>Go-Green</em>’ untuk lebih penjimatan air dan memulihkan bumi kita. Pendidikan bagi meningkatkan kesedaran di sekolah mahupun keluarga perlu diadakan secara konsisten manakala kerajaan memainkan peranan penting dalam mengurangkan penggunaan air domestik dengan melaksanakan peraturan-peraturan yang diperlukan. Kesimpulannya, SPAH dapat memberi pelbagai kelebihan sosio-ekonomi dan alam sekitar dengan mengurangkan bil air dan sebagai satu alternatif sumber air untuk membekalkan air yang tidak boleh diminum dan sebagai satu cara pengurangan banjir. <br /><br /><strong>Simon LOW</strong> <br />Pengurus Besar <br />IPM Professional Services Sdn Bhd</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><br /><em>Rujukan: </em><br /><em>[1] Che-Ani, A.; Shaari, N.; Sairi, A.; Zain, M.; Tahir, M. Rainwater harvesting as an alternative water supply in the future. Eur. J. Sci. Res. 2009, 34, 132–140. </em><br /><em>[2] Water Efficiency. Available online: http://www.awer.org.my (accessed on 20 November 2017). </em><br /><em>[3] Singapore Water Story. Available online: https://www.pub.gov.sg (accessed on 23 March 2018). </em><br /><em>[4] Nor Hafizi Md Lani, Zulkifli Yusop, and Achmad Syafiuddin. A Review of Rainwater Harvesting in Malaysia: Prospects and Challenges, 19 April 2018 </em><br /><em>[5] Furumai, H.; Kim, J.; Imbe, M.; Okui, H. Recent application of rainwater storage and harvesting in Japan. In Proceedings of the the 3rd RWHMWorkshop, Yosemite National Park, CA, USA, 10–13 March 2008. </em><br /><em>[6] Domènech, L.; Saurí, D. A comparative appraisal of the use of rainwater harvesting in single and multi-family buildings of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (Spain): Social experience, drinking water savings and economic costs. J. Clean. Prod. 2011, 19, 598–608. </em><br /><br /><br /><em>**This Malay translation is for reference only. If the meaning of the Malay translation is inconsistent with the original English version, the original English version shall prevail.</em></p>
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