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		<title>Pengalaman Menjana Minda Bersama &#8216;United Nations University&#8217;: Bengkel Schema Sistem Makanan dan Kesihatan Urban</title>
		<link>https://ipm.my/pengalaman-menjana-minda-bersama-united-nations-university-bengkel-schema-sistem-makanan-dan-kesihatan-urban/</link>
		
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		<pubDate>Mon, 28 Jan 2019 13:47:16 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>Februari 2019</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://ipm.my/pengalaman-menjana-minda-bersama-united-nations-university-bengkel-schema-sistem-makanan-dan-kesihatan-urban/">Pengalaman Menjana Minda Bersama &#8216;United Nations University&#8217;: Bengkel Schema Sistem Makanan dan Kesihatan Urban</a> appeared first on <a href="https://ipm.my">IPM</a>.</p>
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										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Pengarang: KIM Zhao Wei | 28 Januari, 2019</p>
<p>Persekitaran tempat tinggal kita sedang mengalami perubahan yang pesat. Kita melihat pelbagai isuisu semasa seperti perubahan iklim, pencemaran, ketidaksamaan dan penyisihan sosial, serta banyak lagi dalam berita-berita terkini. Namun demikian, isu-isu tersebut adalah realiti dan sebilangan kita sendiri mengalami perkara yang sama dan mungkin telah menjadi mangsa. Pada akhirnya, tiada sesiapa pun boleh melepaskan diri jika tiada tindakan yang dibuat. Sebagai contoh, perubahan iklim, bumi sendiri tidak boleh diganti dan jika tidak boleh didiami oleh manusia, bermaksud kita menuju kepada kepupusan kita sendiri di mana ianya tidak logic. Justeru itu, adalah sangat penting bagi generasi kita untuk sedar akan masalah-masalah ini dan perlu mengambil tindakan daripada sekarang. Saya juga mempercayai bahawa dengan menyebarkan kesedaran kepada orang lain, kita boleh bersatu dan membentuk komuniti yang kuat yang rela menyumbang kepada perubahan masa hadapan yang lebih baik.</p>
<p><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-6438" src="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/penang-institutes.jpg" alt="" width="744" height="400" srcset="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/penang-institutes.jpg 744w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/penang-institutes-300x161.jpg 300w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/penang-institutes-710x382.jpg 710w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/penang-institutes-480x258.jpg 480w" sizes="(max-width: 744px) 100vw, 744px" /></p>
<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 13px;"><em>Sumber: Gambar pengarang</em></p>
<p>Saya sangat bersyukur kepada Dr. Lee Yi Yi daripada ‘<em>United Nations University</em>’ – Institut Antarabangsa bagi Kesihatan Global kerana menjemput saya untuk menjadi sebahagian Bengkel ‘<em>Systems Thinking and Place-based Methods for Healthier Malaysian Cities</em>’ (SCHEMA). Ini adalah projek bersama antara Institut Kajian Tempat Lestari, Universiti Cardiff dan Institut Antarabangsa bagi Kesihatan Global, dibiayai oleh sebuah dana berprestij daripada ‘<em>Newton-Ungku Omar Fund</em>’ (NUOF). Ia merupakan bengkel intensif selama 3 hari dengan sesi perkongsian, menjana minda dan sesi pembelajaran, di mana saya mendapati ianya sangat mencabar dari segi mental. Daripada bengkel ini, saya telah mempeelajari tentang system makanan dan kesihatan Malaysia dan dapat mengenali peserta dari pelbagai latar belakang, seperti dari kementerian, universiti, institusi, NGO dan juga sektor swasta. Saya mewakili diri dalam sektor swasta dan sebagai seorang arkitek graduan, saya berkongsi pengetahuan saya dalam agrikultur urban dan senibina dengan peserta-peserta yang lain.</p>
<p>Terdapat pelbagai topik yang kami telah bincangkan semasa sesi menjana minda di mana saya ringkaskan untuk memudahkan komunikasi:</p>
<ol>
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<li>Definisi bagi makanan tidak berakhir sebagai satu komoditi atau sumber asas tenaga bagi manusia, namun ia melibatkan impak persekitaran yang disebabkan aktiviti-aktiviti agrikultur, pelepasan carbon dan penggunaan tenaga logistik.</li>
<li>Makan di luar adalah satu budaya penduduk Malaysia, terutamanya bagi orang yang tinggal di bandar. Walaupun ia menawarkan pelbagai pilihan, ianya datang dengan kekurangan pengawalan kualiti.</li>
<li>Pengawalan makanan juga termasuk dalam kestabilan harga. Ketika krisis makanan pada tahun 2007 dan 2008, harga telah melonjak dan memberi kesan kepada negara-negara di seluruh dunia.</li>
<li>Meleraikan sebuah sistem dan melihat isu-isu yang tersimpan di dalamnya dan memikirkan bagaimana untuk memperbaiki atau mencari hubungkait isu-isu tersebut. Ini adalah seperti pemikiran prinsip pertama yang dipraktikkan oleh golongan elit, seperti Elon Musk di mana kaedah tersebut digunakan untuk meleraikan sistem yang kompleks untuk menemui faktor penting yang boleh membahayakan sistem dan menyelesaikannya.</li>
<li>Cara terbaik untuk menilai kualiti makanan adah dengan menentukan bilangan tangan dan mesin yang menyentuh makanan tersebut. Semakin kurang bilangannya, semakin bagus kualitinya. Ini adalah cara yang dicadangkan oleh Prof. Terry Marsden daripada Universiti Cardiff.</li>
<li>Agrikultur, terutamanya industri ternakan telah menyumbang kedua terbesar kepada pelepasan gas rumah hijau di seluruh dunia. Seiring dengan pertambahan populasi manusia, permintaan daging juga akan meningkat dan seterusnya menghasilkan lebih banyak pengeluaran.</li>
<li>Di China, bandar raya-bandar raya dihubungkan dengan kereta api laju dan lebuhraya. Perlahan-lahan ia akan bergabung menjadi satu bandar raya besar yang belum wujud. Maka, bagaimana kita akan menyalurkan sumber kepada skala bandar ini?</li>
<li>Adakah bank makanan cukup untuk menyelesaikan masalah makanan yang tidak terjamin? Atau sebagai satu penyelesaian sementara?</li>
<li>Makanan adalah pengganti minyak dan tanah adalah pengganti emas. Hal ini menjadi semakin relevan kepada kita di mana kita melihat harga makanan semakin meningkat dan harga tanah semakin melonjak. Kita telah mengalami transisi dari era yang kaya dengan makanan kepada era yang terhad. Namun begitu, kita masih mempunyai masalah dengan pembaziran makanan setinggi 40% dan ke atas, di mana ia tidak masuk akal.</li>
<li>Sebuah sistem pendidikan yang lebih baik mengenaik sistem penghasilan makanan kita boleh membantu memperbaiki keadaan di mana golongan generasi muda dilibatkan secara terus ke lading dan memperoleh pengetahuan makanan sebenar.</li>
<li>Terdapat sebuah kajian yang mengkaji cara pemakanan komuniti tempatan Malaysia. Pengambilan serat oleh rakyat Malaysia adalah sangat minimum. Perkara yang paling buruk adalah Malaysia merupakan negara yang paling obesiti di Asia Tenggara dengan lebih 50% populasi adalah obesiti atau berat berlebihan. Adakah ia kesalahan sistem makanan kita? Budaya tempatan? Alam sekitar?</li>
<li>Makanan-makanan organik kekurangan sijil pengesahan sama ada penjual memberi nilai nutrien yang mereka janjikan. Adakah pensijilan ini akan berjaya dan membantu pengguna membuat pilihan yang lebih baik?</li>
<li>Terdapat ketaksamaan pengambilan kalori berlaku di seluruh dunia. Orang yang kurang mengalami masalah kewangan cenderung untuk pengambilan kalori yang lebih tinggi dan akhirnya gemuk atau berlebihan berat badan. Adakah kemiskinan berkait secara langsung dengan keadaan kesihatan masyarakat?</li>
<li>Menteri Kesihatan Malaysia sedang melihat keadaan persekitaran kehidupan kerana mereka sedar jika alam bina sekitar tidak direkabentuk dengan baik, ia akan menyebabkan komuniti menghadapi kekurangan sistem ketahanan badan. Selain daripada itu, rekabentuk bangunan pada masa akan datang perlu mempunyai ciri ketahanan iklim di mana ia menggunakan tenaga yang sedikit, terutamanya pendingin hawa. Adalah satu kenyataan bahawa populasi manusia akan meningkat dan keperluan rumah akan bertambah. Dengan keperluan yang meningkat, penggunaan pendingin hawa juga semakin bertambah, yang akhirnya akan mempercepat perubahan iklim. Sebagai contoh, rumah boleh direkabentuk untuk mempunyai pengudaraan silang untuk menggalakkan pengudaraan semula jadi dan menyejukkan bangunan. UN-Habitat meneliti permasalahan ini dan berusaha memberikan penyelesaian dengan tindakan pelaksanaan.</li>
<li>Sistem makanan yang baik harus dikawal oleh nilai pemakanan yang dihasilkan untuk pengguna, kerana makanan seimbang terdiri daripada pelbagai jenis nutrien dengan perkadaran yang tepat.</li>
<li>Kebimbangan makanan dalam satu isi rumah melibatkan faktor lokasi sumber makanan, ketersediaan, harga, kualiti, kepelbagaian dan penggalakan makan makanan tempatan. Kita mungkin makan dengan banyak tapi kita masih kekurangan nutrisi sama seperti kita mengamalkan makanan nutrisi yang seimbang.</li>
<li>Isu banjir kebelakangan ini yang berlaku di Penang, Kedah, Perak dan Pantai Timur telah meningkatkan isu bekalan makanan untuk mangsa-mangsa banjir. Isu kebimbangan bagi bekalan makanan tidak terjadi disebabkan ketersediaan sumber makanan, kebolehcapaian, bekalan yang stabil, harga dan penggunaan.</li>
<li>Sistem makanan urban juga berkait dengan persekitaran bandar dan tahap tekanan psikologi penduduk bandar sendiri. Bagi memantau impak tersebut,kita boleh menggunapakai teknologi GIS untuk melihat aspek-aspek seperti trafik, ketersediaan kawasan hijau, jarak antara sumber dan pengguna, kebolehan pergerakan sesuatu tempat dengan berjalan kaki, jaringan, penggunaan tanah, jenayah dan keselamatan. Kita perlu meniliti kepada bentuk fizikal, persekitaran semula jadi dan persekitaran sosial secara keseluruhan untuk memahami bagaimana sebuah komuniti berfungsi.</li>
<li>Terdapat keperluan bagi peningkatan jumlah insentif pemeriksaan kesihatan dan menggalakkan orang untuk terlibat sama. Oleh kerana mencegah lebih baik dari mengubati, adalah lebih baik jika kita mengambil berat tentang masalah kesihatan secepat mungkin sebelum terlambat. Jadi, bagaimana untuk kita menggalakkan orang ramai untuk pergi mendapatkan pemeriksaan kesihatan?</li>
<li>Matlamat Pembangunan Lestari mempunyai kaedah perkiraan bagi mengenalpasti jumlah kesan yang telah terjadi. Kaedah ini mempunyai aspek yang luar biasa bahawa jika tindakan adalah bertentangan dengan tujuan, ia tidak dapat memberi kesan yang positif dan akan berakhir dengan neutral atau kesan negatif.</li>
<li>Penggalakan bagi menyokong idea pertanian tebing sungai adalah perlu kerana tebing sungai menawarkan pelbagai jenis sumber seperti sebuah ekosistem yang tersedia di mana terdapatnya sumber air dan hubungan sesama manusia. Ini mungkin masa yang sesuai bagi bandar-bandar untuk menghidupkan semula bandar dengan menambahbaik sungai-sungai seperti yang berlaku di Sungai Cheonggyecheon, Seoul.</li>
<li>Terdapat pengurangan tenaga buruh terlibat dalam agrikultur dan ini akan memberi kesan kepada kualiti hasil agrikultur disebabkan tenaga buruh yang terhad. Perkhidmatan pengeluaran dari sumber luar diperkenalkan untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini seperti yang berlaku pada industri koko. Pada dasarnya, pemilik akan menyerahkan kerja buruh kepada perkhidmatan sumber luar untuk menuai dan memproses hasil yang akan dijual.</li>
<li>Agrikultur urban adalah satu trend yang semakin terkenal di mana orang ramai mula membawa sumber makanan pulang ke bandar. Ini boleh memperbaiki hubungan antara komuniti, bekalan makanan, kelestarian dan ekonomi juga. Persendirian, komuniti tertentu dan sekolah boleh menjadi sebahagian daripada pemacu tindakan bagi menjalankan inisiatif ini.</li>
<li>Secara anggaran, rakyat Malaysia telah membazirkan 1/3 daripada makanan mereka iaitu RM246 million setahun. Oleh itu, pihak kerajaan telah melaksanakan rancangan, polisi untuk menangani masalah sampah makanan, seperti pemisahan sampah organik dan bukan organik.</li>
<li>Budaya pemakanan makanan segera telah diketengahkan kerana ia paling memberi kesan kepada generasi muda. Kebanyakan penduduk bandar sudah terbiasa dengan pemakanan makanan segera yang disebabkan gaya hidup mereka yang sibuk dan kekangan masa untuk memasak. Oleh itu, perlukah kita mula memasak kembali?</li>
<li>Malaysia merupakan negara paling tinggi bagi populasi pengambilan gula dan lemak dalam negara-negara Asia Tenggara. Ini adalah statistic yang membinbangkan dan orang ramai perlu dididik dalam sikap pemakanan.</li>
<li>Terdapat satu idea menarik dari doktor tempatan yang mengemukakan soalan mengenai medium yang paling berkesan untuk menyampaikan pengetahuan kesihatan kepada masyarakat dewasa, seperti wanita? Mungkin pendandan rambut boleh menjadi satu penyelesaian kerana wanita berkemungkinan besar akan kerap berkomunikasi dengan pendandan rambut dan dengan minimum pertahanan psikologi.</li>
<li>Sejak sekian lama, tiada inovasi bagi polisi makanan dibuat, bermaksud kita masih menggunakan sistem kereta kuda lama untuk mengendalikan era kenderaan berenjin. Kita perlu menyemak semula dan mentakrifkan semula polisi makanan kita bermula dengan meneliti urbanisasi yang semakin meningkat, rangkaian makanan dalam bandar, pakatan perhubungan tempatan dan kaedah pelaksanaannya. Biasanya kerajaan persekutuan akan mengalami kesukaran dalam melaksanakan sesuatu dasar kerana pelaksanaan dari menegak akan mempunyai keberkesanan yang rendah apabila sampai ke bawah. Oleh itu, kerajaan memerlukan rakan kongsi seperti institusi-institusi, pihak berkuasa tempatan dan komuniti untuk bekerjasama dalam membina visi perhubungan tempatan dan menjalankan agensi multi-skalar.</li>
</ol>
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<p>Semua perkara ini adalah titik permulaan yang baik untuk kita berfikir dan mendapatkan satu penyelesaian bagi menjadikan keadaan lebih baik, membentuk masa depan yang lebih lestari. Selain itu, bengkel ini telah membantu kita dalam cara Sistem Pemikiran. Ia adalah cara berfikir yang melibatkan stok dan aliran. Caranya ialah, stok mewakili pengumpulan masalah dan cabaran sementara aliran adalah hasil idea dan penyelesaian yang dapat kita fikirkan.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/ApplicationFrameHost_7QGYZuWhRO.png"><img decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-8691 size-full" src="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/ApplicationFrameHost_7QGYZuWhRO.png" alt="" width="624" height="519" srcset="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/ApplicationFrameHost_7QGYZuWhRO.png 624w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/ApplicationFrameHost_7QGYZuWhRO-300x250.png 300w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/ApplicationFrameHost_7QGYZuWhRO-480x399.png 480w" sizes="(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px" /></a>Sumber: Barry Newell &amp; Katrina Proust ANU 2017, Pautan: <a href="https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/9386/6/Newell%20&amp;%20Proust%20Introduction%20to%20collaborative%202012.pdf">https://openresearchrepository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/9386/6/Newell%20&amp;%20Proust%20Introduction%20to%20collaborative%202012.pdf </a></p>
<p>Bagi contoh yang lebih kukuh, mentor-mentor dalam bengkel ini memperkenallkan cara ini untuk membantu kita memahami sistem tingkah laku melalui ‘<em>Influence Diagrams</em>’ dan ‘<em>Casual Loop Diagrams</em>’ atau secara keseluruhannya gambarajah maklum balas.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Katrina-Proust-Barry-Newell-ANU.png"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-8692 size-full aligncenter" src="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Katrina-Proust-Barry-Newell-ANU.png" alt="" width="972" height="1253" srcset="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Katrina-Proust-Barry-Newell-ANU.png 972w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Katrina-Proust-Barry-Newell-ANU-233x300.png 233w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Katrina-Proust-Barry-Newell-ANU-768x990.png 768w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Katrina-Proust-Barry-Newell-ANU-710x915.png 710w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Katrina-Proust-Barry-Newell-ANU-480x619.png 480w" sizes="(max-width: 972px) 100vw, 972px" /></a><span style="font-family: Helvetica, serif;"><span style="font-size: 13px;"><i>Sumber: Katrina Proust &amp; Barry Newell ANU</i></span></span></p>
<p>Sebaik sahaja kita memahami cara berfikir ini, ia mendorong pemikiran kritikal kita dan menghasilkan laluan menuju proses pemikiran yang lebih jelas dan boleh didokumentasikan. Ini sangat berguna dalam semua peringkat pekerjaan dan kepelbagaian industri yang berbeza-beza. Selain itu, apabila kita bekerja dengan Sistem Berfikir, kita perlu sedar bahawa terdapat beberapa prinsip yang membolehkan kita menggunakan cara ini dengan lebih berkesan. Sebagai contoh, dalam seni mempertahankan diri, membuat satu tumbukan bukanlah sekadar hanya dengan tangan anda dan menumbuk, kerana itu hanyalah satu kekerasan. Kita perlu tahu bagaimana untuk menstabilkan diri dengan berdiri dan melontarkan tumbukan dengan melakukanya dengan cepat dan dengan jangka masa yang minimum, bagaimana untuk membentuk satu tumbukan yang kuat melalui bantuan momentum dan sebagainya. Semua ini adalah prinsip-prinsip di sebalik tumbukan yang baik, seperti Sistem Berfikir.</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-6441 aligncenter" src="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Dr-Ahmad-Fariz.jpg" alt="" width="714" height="960" srcset="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Dr-Ahmad-Fariz.jpg 714w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Dr-Ahmad-Fariz-223x300.jpg 223w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Dr-Ahmad-Fariz-710x955.jpg 710w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Dr-Ahmad-Fariz-480x645.jpg 480w" sizes="(max-width: 714px) 100vw, 714px" /></p>
<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 13px;"><em>Ini adalah bagaimana hasil gambar rajah pusingan maklum balas dari kumpulan saya, bersama Dr. Ahmad Fariz dari Lestari membantu memaparkan hasil kerja yang terakhir.</em></p>
<p>Kesimpulannya, rekabentuk cara system berfikir ini adalah seperti kompas untuk membawa kita keluar dari cara berfikir yang kusut apabila kita membuat kerja-kerja kreatif. Ia merupakan satu alat hebat untuk digunakan tetapi bukan mudah untuk disesuaikan. Walaubagaimanapun, ia berbaloi untuk dicuba dan menjadikannya sebagai satu alat berfikir dalam kehidupan seharian kita untuk meningkatkan gaya hidup peribadi kita.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-6442" src="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work-1500x555.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="533" srcset="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work-300x200.jpg 300w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work-710x474.jpg 710w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work-480x320.jpg 480w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work-818x546.jpg 818w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work-360x240.jpg 360w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></p>
<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 13px;"><em>Sumber: Gambar dari Dr Yi Yi Lee</em></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>KIM Zhao Wei</strong><br />
Assistant Technical Manager<br />
IPM Professional Services Sdn Bhd</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-5010 alignleft" src="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/if_pdfs_774684.png" alt="" width="49" height="64" /><br />
<a href="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Pengalaman-Menjana-Minda-Bersama-United-Nations-University-Bengkel-Schema-Sistem-Makanan-dan-Kesihatan-Urban.pdf">Artikel dalam format PDF »</a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://ipm.my/pengalaman-menjana-minda-bersama-united-nations-university-bengkel-schema-sistem-makanan-dan-kesihatan-urban/">Pengalaman Menjana Minda Bersama &#8216;United Nations University&#8217;: Bengkel Schema Sistem Makanan dan Kesihatan Urban</a> appeared first on <a href="https://ipm.my">IPM</a>.</p>
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		<title>A Brain Cracking Experience With United Nations University: Schema Workshop of Urban Food System and Health</title>
		<link>https://ipm.my/a-brain-cracking-experience-with-united-nations-university-schema-workshop-of-urban-food-system-and-health/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[IPM]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 28 Jan 2019 12:36:34 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>January 2019</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://ipm.my/a-brain-cracking-experience-with-united-nations-university-schema-workshop-of-urban-food-system-and-health/">A Brain Cracking Experience With United Nations University: Schema Workshop of Urban Food System and Health</a> appeared first on <a href="https://ipm.my">IPM</a>.</p>
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									<p>Author: KIM Zhao Wei | 28 January, 2019</p>
<p>The living environment that we are living in is currently experiencing vast and rapid changes. In the news, we see a lot of issues like climate change, pollution, social inequality, social exclusion and more. Nonetheless, those issues are real and some of us are experiencing that and may already a victim. In the end, none of us can escape if nothing is done about it. For instance, climate change, Earth itself is not replaceable and if it is no longer habitable for human, then it means we are leading to our own extinction, which is somehow illogical. Thus, it is important that our generation needs to be well aware of the problems and take actions from now. I also believe that through spreading this awareness to other people, we can congregate and form a strong community that willing to contribute to changing the future to a better one.</p>
<div id="attachment_6438" style="width: 754px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-6438" class="size-full wp-image-6438" src="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/penang-institutes.jpg" alt="" width="744" height="400" srcset="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/penang-institutes.jpg 744w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/penang-institutes-300x161.jpg 300w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/penang-institutes-710x382.jpg 710w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/penang-institutes-480x258.jpg 480w" sizes="(max-width: 744px) 100vw, 744px" /><p id="caption-attachment-6438" class="wp-caption-text"><em>Source: Author’s Photography</em></p></div>
<p>I was grateful that Dr. Lee Yi Yi from United Nations University &#8211; International Institute for Global Health had invited me to be part of the Systems Thinking and Place-based Methods for Healthier Malaysian Cities (SCHEMA) Workshop. This is a joint project between the Sustainable Places Research Institute of Cardiff University and the International Institute for Global Health, funded by the prestigious foundation of Newton-Ungku Omar Fund. It was 3 days intensive workshop with sharing sessions, site visits, brainstorming and even learning sessions, which I found it to be mentally challenging. From the workshop, I learned about the food and health system of Malaysia and get to know people from different backgrounds like from the ministry, university, institutions, NGO’s and also private sectors. I myself represented the private sector, as a graduate architect to share my knowledge on urban agriculture and architecture with the participants.</p>
<p>There were variety of topics being discussed during the brainstorming session which I would like to summarize in point forms for the ease of communication:</p>
<ol>
<li>The definition of food does not end as being a commodity or a basic source of energy for the human, but it also involves in the environmental impact that is caused by agricultural activities, carbon emissions, and energy consumption from the logistic</li>
<li>Eating out (meaning to eat outside), is a culture of Malaysian, especially people that live in the city. Although it provides a lot of variety, it comes with less control on the quality of food.</li>
<li>Food security includes the stability of price as well. During the world food price crisis around 2007 and 2008, the price spiked and impacted countries throughout the globe.</li>
<li>Breakdown a system and to see what issue nested in within and think about how to improve or reconnect the dots. It is more like a first principle thinking that a lot of elites practiced, like Elon Musk whereby the method breaks down the complex system, finds the most important factor that is jeopardizing the system and solve it.</li>
<li>A good way to evaluate the quality of food is by determining the numbers of hand and machine touching the food. The lesser it is, the better the quality is. This is a method proposed by Prof. Terry Marsden from Cardiff University.</li>
<li>Agriculture, especially the livestock industry contributed to the second largest greenhouse gas emissions in the globe. As the human population grows, there will be more demand for meat, hence thriving more production. This will end up putting the industry on the top greenhouse gas emission and worsen the climate change. So how are we going to solve this issue? Perhaps opting for artificial meat that may raise another ethical debate? I would rather eat artificial meat that is proven to be safe than dying because of sticking with the conventional meat production.</li>
<li>In China, megacities are linked together by high-speed railways and highways, slowly congregates into a super megacity that has not existed yet. So, how are we going to feed this scale of the city?</li>
<li>Is food bank enough to solve the food insecurity? Or is it a temporary solution, like a safe?</li>
<li>Food is the new oil, the land is the new gold. This is becoming more and more relevant to us as we see the price of food slowly increase and the land price soared. We had transited from a food abundance era to a scarcity era. However, we still have the problem of food waste with as high as 40% and more, which is insane.</li>
<li>A better educational system that touches our food production system can help in improving the situation whereby the young generation is segregated from the farm and the knowledge of Real Food.</li>
<li>There was a research that studied how the local community of Malaysia eats. The fiber intake of Malaysian was very minimal. The worst is that Malaysia is now the most obese country in South East Asia with near 50% population is obese or overweight. Is it the fault of our food system? Local culture? Built environment?</li>
<li>Organic food lacks certification that verifies whether the vendors are providing the nutrient value that they promised. Will this certification work and help the consumers to make a better choice?</li>
<li>There is a large calories intake inequality happened throughout the world. People with less financial security may tend to have higher calories intake and end up to be obese or overweight. Does poverty relate directly to the community health condition?</li>
<li>The Malaysia’s Ministry of Health is looking into the condition of the living environment as they are aware that if the built environment for the people is not designed well, it will cause the community to have a lower immune system. Besides, the future building design should be climatic resilience which has less energy consumption, especially in air conditioning. It is a known fact that the human population will increase and the need for housing will rise. With more supply, the use of air conditioning will increase as well, that will end up speeding up the climate change. For example, houses can be designed to have cross ventilation or stack effect to promote natural ventilation and cool down the building. The UN-Habitat looks into these issues and is trying to bring solutions with declarations and implementation actions.</li>
<li>A good food system should be governed by the nutrition value produced for the consumers, as a balanced diet is made up of different types of nutrients with the right proportion.</li>
<li>The loci for a household food insecurity consists of the location of the food source, availability, price, quality, variations and the promotion of consuming local food. We may eat a lot but we may still end up with malnutrition, as we are not taking the well-balanced nutrient diet.</li>
<li>The recent flood that happened in Penang, Kedah, Perak and the East Coast had raised the issue of food security of the food for the flood victims. The secureness is justified by the availability of the food, the accessibility, the stability of supply and price and also utilization.</li>
<li>Urban food system also relates to the urban environment and psychological distress level of the urbanites. In order to monitor the impact, we can utilize GIS technology to look into aspects like traffic, green space availability, the distance between farm and plate, walkability, network, land use, crime, and safety. We need to look into the physical form, natural environment and social environment as a whole to understand how the community works.</li>
<li>There is a need to increase the incentive for health screening and encourage people to do so. As prevention is always better than cure, it is always better to interfere with the health problem as early as possible before it is too late. So how to encourage people to go for a health screening?</li>
<li>Sustainable Development Goals has a calculation method to just how much impact had been made. The method has an amazing aspect that if the action goes again the goals, it may cancel out the positive marks and end up with neutral or negative impact.</li>
<li>Promotion to embrace riverbank farming as riverbank provides different resources like a ready ecosystem, water and also the connection with the people. It may be the time for the cities to relook on how to revitalize the city by revamping its river, like how Cheonggyecheon Stream in Seoul.</li>
<li>There is lesser labor involved in agricultural practice and this will affect the quality of the agricultural product due to man shortage. The production outsourcing service was introduced to solve this problem like what happened in the cocoa industry. Basically, the owner will delegate the labor work to the outsourcing service to harvest and process the produce to be sold.</li>
<li>Urban agriculture is a rising trend whereby people start to bring food source back to the city. This could improve the connection between the community, food security, sustainability, and economics too. Individuals, specific communities, and schools could be part of the drivers for this initiative to work.</li>
<li>Malaysian wasted 1/3 of their food which is approximately RM246 million per year. Thus, the government had set up plans, policies to handle the food waste issue, like introducing segregation of organic and non-organic waste.</li>
<li>The culture of instant food consumption was highlighted as it affects the young generation the most. Most of the urbanites are used to instant food consumption due to the hectic lifestyle and have no time for hands-on cooking. So, should we start to pick up cooking again?</li>
<li>Malaysia has the highest sugar and fat intake population among the Southeast Asia countries. This is a worrying statistic and people should be educated more on the consumption habit.</li>
<li>An interesting idea from a local practicing doctor that prompted a question on what is the most efficient medium to pass health knowledge to the adult community, like women? Maybe hairdressers can be the answer as women will most likely communicate with hairdressers quite frequently and with the least psychological defense.</li>
<li>The food policy has no innovation since long time ago, meaning to say we are still using the old horse carriage liked food system to run in this electrical vehicle era. We should revise and redefine our food policy by starting to look into growing urbanization, urban bias, city food network, trans-local alliances and method of implementation. Usually the federal government will have difficulty in implementing the policies as top-down implementation will have lower efficiency when it reaches the bottom. Thus, the government will require partners like institutions, local governments and communities to work together to build trans-local vision and exercising multi-scalar agency.</li>
</ol>
<p>All of these points were a good starting point to think and come out with a solution to make the situation better, creating a more sustainable future. Besides, the workshop had facilitated us with System Thinking method. It is a thinking method that involves stock and flows. In a way, stocks represent accumulations of issues and challenges while flows are the output of ideas and solutions that we can think of.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div id="attachment_6439" style="width: 970px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-6439" class="size-full wp-image-6439" src="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/ANU207.png" alt="" width="960" height="777" srcset="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/ANU207.png 960w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/ANU207-300x243.png 300w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/ANU207-768x622.png 768w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/ANU207-710x575.png 710w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/ANU207-480x389.png 480w" sizes="(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px" /><p id="caption-attachment-6439" class="wp-caption-text"><em>Source: Barry Newell &amp; Katrina Proust ANU 2017, <a href="https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/9386/6/Newell%20&amp;%20Proust%20Introduction%20to%20collaborative%202012.pdf">Link</a></em></p></div>
<p>In a more solid example, the mentors in the workshop introduced this methodology to help us understand what system behavior through Influence Diagrams and Casual Loop Diagrams is, or in overall a feedback diagram.</p>
<div id="attachment_6440" style="width: 683px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-6440" class="size-full wp-image-6440" src="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/ANU170704.png" alt="" width="673" height="960" srcset="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/ANU170704.png 673w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/ANU170704-210x300.png 210w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/ANU170704-480x685.png 480w" sizes="(max-width: 673px) 100vw, 673px" /><p id="caption-attachment-6440" class="wp-caption-text"><em>Source: Katrina Proust &amp; Barry Newell ANU</em></p></div>
<p>Once we captured such thinking method, it drives our critical thinking skill and make path to a clearer, more documented thinking process. This is helpful in all levels of work and different diversification of industries. Besides, when we are working with System Thinking, we should be aware that there are several principles that enable us to use the method efficiently. For example, in martial arts, blowing a punch isn’t just as simple as grab your fist and punch as it will be just a brute force. We need to know how to stabilize ourselves through stands, how to deliver a punch by doing it quick and minimum contact duration, how to create a powerful punch through the help of momentum and so on. All these are principles behind in making a good punch, like System Thinking.</p>
<div id="attachment_6441" style="width: 724px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-6441" class="size-full wp-image-6441" src="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Dr-Ahmad-Fariz.jpg" alt="" width="714" height="960" srcset="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Dr-Ahmad-Fariz.jpg 714w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Dr-Ahmad-Fariz-223x300.jpg 223w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Dr-Ahmad-Fariz-710x955.jpg 710w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Dr-Ahmad-Fariz-480x645.jpg 480w" sizes="(max-width: 714px) 100vw, 714px" /><p id="caption-attachment-6441" class="wp-caption-text"><em>Here is how my group&#8217;s feedback loop looked like, with Dr. Ahmad Fariz from <a href="http://www.ukm.my/lestari/en/">Lestari</a> helping to hold the final masterpiece.</em></p></div>
<p>In conclusion, design system thinking methodology is like a compass for us to lead us through the messy thinking process when we are doing creative works. It is one great tool to utilize but not easy to adopt. However, it is worth to give it a try and make it into part of our daily life thinking tool to improve our personal lifestyle.</p>
<div id="attachment_6442" style="width: 810px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-6442" class="wp-image-6442" src="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work-1500x555.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="533" srcset="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work-300x200.jpg 300w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work-710x474.jpg 710w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work-480x320.jpg 480w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work-818x546.jpg 818w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work-360x240.jpg 360w, https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Penang-Institute-making-ideas-work.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /><p id="caption-attachment-6442" class="wp-caption-text"><em>Source: Dr Yi Yi Lee’s Photography</em></p></div><div>
<p><strong>KIM Zhao Wei</strong><br>Assistant Technical Manager<br>IPM Professional Services Sdn Bhd</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-5010 alignleft" src="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/if_pdfs_774684.png" alt="" width="49" height="64"><br><a href="https://ipm.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Schema-Workshop-of-Urban-Food-System-and-Health.pdf">View Article in PDF</a></p>
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		<p>The post <a href="https://ipm.my/a-brain-cracking-experience-with-united-nations-university-schema-workshop-of-urban-food-system-and-health/">A Brain Cracking Experience With United Nations University: Schema Workshop of Urban Food System and Health</a> appeared first on <a href="https://ipm.my">IPM</a>.</p>
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